Pap Smears

Pap Smears, or pap tests, are crucial to women's healthcare. This preventative procedure serves as an effective instrument for identifying and averting cervical cancer, a condition that is highly treatable when diagnosed in its early stages.

Understanding the importance of pap smears and what to expect can make this routine test a less daunting experience.

Why are pap smears important?

Pap smears are mainly used for screening cervical cancer. These tests are capable of identifying early changes in the cervix that are precancerous and, without treatment, have the potential to progress into cancer.

Regular screening is vital because early-stage cervical cancer typically does not cause symptoms. When symptoms become noticeable, the cancer might have advanced to a later stage, complicating treatment efforts. Detecting it early through a pap smear greatly enhances the likelihood of effective treatment and can even avert the development of cervical cancer.

What can I expect during a pap smear?

Understanding what happens during a pap smear can help alleviate anxiety. Here's a step-by-step breakdown:

  • Preparation: You'll be asked to undress from the waist down and lie on an exam table, usually with a sheet or gown for modesty.
  • Speculum insertion: Dr Sheetekela will gently insert a speculum into your vagina. The speculum is a device that helps to open the vaginal walls, allowing access to the cervix.
  • Sample collection: Dr Sheetekela will use a small brush or spatula to gather cells from your cervix. This procedure is typically swift and, though it might cause slight discomfort, should not be painful.
  • Lab analysis: The collected cells are sent to a lab for examination under a microscope.

How often should I receive a pap smear?

The frequency of pap smears depends on your age and health history:

  • Women aged 21-29: It's recommended to have a pap smear every three years.
  • Women aged 30-65: You may have a pap smear once every three years or a pap smear combined with an HPV test once every five years.
  • Over 65: You might not need pap smears if you've had regular screenings with expected results, but consult with your doctor for personalised advice.

If you have specific risk factors such as a personal history of cervical cancer, prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES), HIV infection, or a compromised immune system, Dr Sheetekela might suggest increased frequency in testing.

Other information to note

  • HPV and pap smears: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a common virus linked to cervical cancer. Pap smears can detect changes in cervical cells caused by HPV.
  • After the test: It's common to experience light spotting after a pap smear. Results usually come back within a few weeks.
  • Abnormal results: An abnormal result doesn't necessarily mean you have cancer. It indicates changes in cervical cells, and Dr Sheetekela will guide you on the next steps, which might include additional testing or close monitoring.

Encouraging preventative health

A pap smear is a critical step in maintaining your reproductive health. While it might not seem intimidating, this gynaecological test plays a vital role in detecting cervical changes early, offering peace of mind and the opportunity for timely treatment.

Regular pap smears are an investment in your health, empowering you with knowledge and control over your body.